工(gong)業(ye)x射線探(tan)傷機加速器的趨勢分(fen)析 

　　近十多(duo)年來，世(shi)界上射(she)線(xian)(xian)(xian)探(tan)(tan)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)十分(fen)(fen)迅速(su)(su)(su)。一(yi)(yi)方面工(gong)業發(fa)達國家擁有的(de)(de)(de)探(tan)(tan)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)臺數迅增，另一(yi)(yi)方是(shi)(shi)探(tan)(tan)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)在小(xiao)型(xing)化和可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性方面，也(ye)取得了(le)顯(xian)著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)進展(zhan)(zhan)。已(yi)由(you)過去(qu)的(de)(de)(de)好幾噸重(zhong)減輕到幾百公斤(jin)，甚(shen)至只有幾十公斤(jin)，某些小(xiao)型(xing)駐波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)直線(xian)(xian)(xian)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)以可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)地工(gong)作十年以上。一(yi)(yi)般探(tan)(tan)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，包括高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)感應加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)直線(xian)(xian)(xian)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)迥轉加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)四種。目前，已(yi)被電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)直線(xian)(xian)(xian)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)取代。當前世(shi)界上主(zhu)要(yao)探(tan)(tan)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)系列化；商品化，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)直線(xian)(xian)(xian)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，在高(gao)(gao)能(neng)(neng)射(she)線(xian)(xian)(xian)探(tan)(tan)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)能(neng)(neng)量范(fan)圍內，可(ke)輸出很強的(de)(de)(de)x射(she)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，已(yi)能(neng)(neng)滿足一(yi)(yi)般探(tan)(tan)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)，故已(yi)基本定型(xing)。探(tan)(tan)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)趨勢主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)(shi)完善和提高(gao)(gao)實用(yong)能(neng)(neng)力和性能(neng)(neng)，力爭把高(gao)(gao)靈敏度，高(gao)(gao)生產率，經濟(ji)性和通用(yong)性有機地結合起來，即趨向小(xiao)型(xing)化、高(gao)(gao)可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性，長壽(shou)命(ming)，低成本。 近十多(duo)年來。小(xiao)型(xing)化取得了(le)重(zhong)大發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。由(you)于(yu)采用(yong)邊耦合的(de)(de)(de)駐波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)直線(xian)(xian)(xian)加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，使(shi)原來的(de)(de)(de)行政電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)直線(xian)(xian)(xian)加(jia)逮器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輻(fu)射(she)頭晦體積(ji)、重(zhong)量及(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源功串都分(fen)(fen)別(bie)減小(xiao)了(le)50%以上，其加(jia)速(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)結構尺(chi)寸變小(xiao)，體積(ji)重(zhong)量已(yi)減小(xiao)。影響(xiang)使(shi)用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)因素(su)是(shi)(shi)管內真空(kong)、陰極(ji)及(ji)(ji)其熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)：影響(xiang)可(ke)靠(kao)(kao)性的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)因素(su)是(shi)(shi)管子(zi)(zi)真空(kong)度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路工(gong)作狀態(tai)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)能(neng)(neng)量和輸出x射(she)線(xian)(xian)(xian)強度的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)動。

　　因此，采用了全金屬—陶瓷全密封的加速管結構，通過高溫釬焊或氬弧焊等電真空工藝連接成不可拆卸的不漏氣的整體，并采用無油超高真空排氣技術和長時間高溫烘烤工藝以徹底去氣與排氣，采用固體電路或集成電路標準插件板。另外采用鎖相自動頻率控制系統可以使磁控管的工作頻率總是等于加速管的諧振頻率，使機器處于工作狀態，大大減小了有關性能的波動，使可靠性提高。我公司采用了上述措施，生產的HLA系列電子直線加速器性能穩定，操作簡便，工作可靠。 雖然邊耦合駐波加速結構性能良好，但結構復雜。目前，世界各國都力圖采用多種方案來簡化結構。我公司HLA系列視頻電子直線加速器采用新型加速結構，不需要外聚焦系統，X射線焦斑尺寸小于1.1毫米，該系列產品主要用于新型高能工業CT系統，國內外廣泛客源中已獲取優質的評價。

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